Philological and Patristic Evidence for the Personhood of the Holy Spirit: Reassessing Binitarian Pneumatology in Early Christianity

Penulis

  • Andre Akijuwen, Jr Sekolah Tinggi Theologi IKAT Jakarta Penulis

Kata Kunci:

Binitarianism, Early Christianity, Trinitarian , Theology, Holy Spirit, Pneumatology

Abstrak

This study examines the question of the Holy Spirit’s personhood in early Christianity by integrating biblical, philological, and patristic analysis. The research addresses ongoing debates between binitarian and trinitarian interpretations and highlights gaps in previous studies that often overlook linguistic and early theological evidence. Using a qualitative method, the study analyzes New Testament texts, key linguistic terms such as pneuma, ruach, and rucha, and writings of early church fathers to trace the development of pneumatology. The findings show that early Christian texts describe the Spirit through functional and relational language that reflects personal agency but lacks a fully defined ontological framework. This indicates that early pneumatology developed gradually within a dynamic theological context. The study concludes that the personhood of the Holy Spirit emerged through interaction between scripture, language, and theological reflection, rather than as a fixed doctrinal concept from the beginning.

Unduhan

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Biografi Penulis

  • Andre Akijuwen, Jr, Sekolah Tinggi Theologi IKAT Jakarta

    Mahasiswa Program Studi S2 Pendidikan Agama Kristen (PAK), Sekolah Tinggi Teologi IKAT

Referensi

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Unduhan

Diterbitkan

2026-03-30

Terbitan

Vol 2 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Phos Φ; Jurnal Teologi Interdenominasi Kristen (Maret)

Bagian

Articles

Lisensi

Hak Cipta (c) 2026 Andre Akijuwen, Jr (Penulis)

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Cara Mengutip

Philological and Patristic Evidence for the Personhood of the Holy Spirit: Reassessing Binitarian Pneumatology in Early Christianity. (2026). Phos Φ, 2(1), 61-68. https://journal.ibas.us/index.php/Phos/article/view/67

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