Dialektika Otoritas dan Keaslian Taurat: Analisis Komparatif Hermeneutika Yahudi, Kristen, dan Islam
Kata Kunci:
Hermeneutika, Islam, Kekristenan, Taurat, YudaismeAbstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dialektika otoritas dan keaslian Taurat melalui perbandingan hermeneutika Yudaisme, Kekristenan, dan Islam, dengan menitikberatkan pada status tekstual, sumber otoritas, mekanisme interpretasi, dan keberlakuan normatif Taurat. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan komparatif-hermeneutis melalui studi kepustakaan terhadap teks-teks keagamaan dan literatur akademik mengenai Taurat, tradisi penafsiran, otoritas kitab suci, dan hukum keagamaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketiga tradisi memiliki konstruksi berbeda mengenai hubungan antara teks, wahyu, tradisi, dan norma. Yudaisme mempertahankan Taurat melalui kesinambungan teks, tradisi, dan otoritas rabinik, Kekristenan menafsirkannya dalam kerangka pemenuhan Kristologis, sedangkan Islam menempatkan Taurat sebagai wahyu terdahulu dalam kerangka otoritas Al-Qur’an. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa keaslian tekstual tidak identik dengan otoritas teologis atau keberlakuan normatif. Karena itu, studi komparatif Taurat perlu membedakan keaslian, otoritas, hermeneutika, dan norma secara metodologis agar dialog teologis berlangsung secara akademis.
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